For each evaluated design case, the model produces as output a unique monetary figure of the cost expected to incur by owning or using the asset throughout the lifetime. The approach allows the exploration of the design space of a PSS given by the variation of the geometry of a Computer Aided Design (CAD) model, building on the computation of customised cost modules selected by a generic list of PSS cost dimensions. The proposed approach computes the relative cost efficiency of a set of design variants using as input the data generated by the simulations run in the Computer Aided Engineering (CAE) environment. The paper describes a model-based approach developed to estimate the life cycle cost of a PSS hardware already at a concept design stage. For first tier suppliers, it is a great challenge to model and simulate the impact of changing design variables at the micro-level on both hardware properties and governing behaviours of services over the entire lifecycle of the PSS. The development of such Product Service Systems (PSS) escalates in complexity when several products developed by different suppliers need to be integrated into a unique system. Manufacturing companies are increasingly moving toward delivering combinations of products and services to provide higher value to their customers. PSS cost engineering: a model-based approach for concept design
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